作业帮 > 英语 > 作业

这道题如何判断It’s thirty years since we last met.—But I still reme

来源:学生作业帮 编辑:百度作业网作业帮 分类:英语作业 时间:2024/07/20 15:19:46
这道题如何判断
It’s thirty years since we last met.
—But I still remember the story,believe it or not,__________ we got lost on a rainy night.(2006四川卷)
A.which B.that C.what D.when
如何判断是同位语从句还是定语从句
这道题如何判断It’s thirty years since we last met.—But I still reme
It’s thirty years since we last met.
离我们上一次见面已经有30年了.
—But I still remember the story, believe it or not, __that__ we got lost on a rainy night.
不过我还记得那件事,信不信由你——我们在一个雨夜里迷了路.
本句是同位语从句,是可以通过选项排除来确定的.如果是定语从句,那么从句的的关系代词除了要与主句中某部分对应,而且在从句中也要充当成分,可能的选项which,that,when,代入横线后可以发现三个选项在从句中都不充当任何成分,所以不会是定语从句.具体的可见下面援引的两者区别.
至于what虽然可以引导同位语从句,但是在本句的意思上而言肯定不对.
【同位语与定语从句区别】
(先行词)
1.定语从句的先行词是名词或代词;而同位语从句的先行词只能是名词,而且仅限于idea,plan, fact,theory,promise,hope,news,doubt,truth,information,suggestion,question, thought,belief,conclusion等少数名词.
例如:
①The boy who is playing football is my classmate.
?②Those who work hard will succeed.
?③The fact that he had not said anything surprised everybody.
?④The fact that you are talking about is important.
?在①句中,划线部分是定语从句,其先行词是名词 boy,它不能用作同位语从句的先行词.
?在②句中,划线部分也是定语从句,其先行词是代词those,代词不能用作同位语从句的先行词.
?在③句中,划线部分是同位语从句,其先行词是名词fact,它同样可以用作定语从句的先行词,④句便是一例.
?由以上分析可见,同位语从句的先行词一定可以用作定语从句的先行词,但定语从句的先行词不一定能用作同位语从句的先行词.
?2.when,where,why引导的定语从句的先行词一定分别是表示时间、地点和原因的名词,而三者引导的同位语从句的先行词则肯定不是表示时间、地点和原因的名词.
例如:
①I still remember the day when I first came to Beijing.
?②I have no idea when she will be back.
?在①句中,划线部分是when引导的定语从句,其先行词day是表示时间的名词;
在②句中,划线部分是when引导的同位语从句,其先行词idea则不是表示时间的名词.

(引导词)
?定语从句和同位语从句共同的引导词有四个:that,when,where,why.下面把四个引导词分成两类说明它们在两种从句中的不同用法.
1.引导词that
?引导定语从句的that叫做关系代词,它除了起连接作用,还在定语从句中充当一定成分,并且在意义上代表先行词;引导同位语从句的that叫做从属连词,它只起连接作用.
例如:
①The news that you told me yesterday was really exciting.
?②We heard the news that our team had won.
?在①句中,划线部分是定语从句,that在从句中作宾语,在意义上指代先行词news.在②句中,划线部分是同位语从句,that没有任何意义,只起连接作用.
2.引导词when,where,why
?引导定语从句时,它们叫做关系副词,在从句中充当状语,可以转换成"介词+关系代词"的形式;引导同位语从句时,它们叫做连接副词,在从句中充当状语,但不能转换成"介词+关系代词"的形式.
例如:
①I will never forget the day when I joined the army.
?②We have no idea when she was born.
?在①句中,划线部分是定语从句,when在从句中作状语,它可以转换成on which的形式;
在②句中,划线部分是同位语从句, when在从句中充当状语,但不能转换成"介词+关系代词"的形式.
?③This is the house where I lived two years ago.
?④He put forward to the question where the meeting would be held.
?在③句中,划线部分是定语从句,where在从句中作状语,它可以转换成in which的形式;
在④句中,划线部分是同位语从句, where在从句中充当状语,但不能转换成"介词+关系代词"的形式.
?⑤This is the reason why she will not attend the meeting.
?⑥The teacher had no idea why Jack was absent.
?在⑤句中,划线部分是定语从句,why在从句中作状语,它可以转换成for which的形式;在⑥句 中,划线部分是同位语从句,why在从句中充当状语,但不能转换成"介词+关系代词"的形式.

(同位语从句、定语从句区别)
that 既可引导同位语从句又可引导定语从句,其区别在于:同位语从句由连接词that引导,连接词that本身无意义,在同位语从句中不充当任何成分,不可省略,不可以用其他词替代;定语从句由关系代词that引导,关系代词that在从句中充当一定的成分,作宾语时可省略
由when,where,why引导的 同位语从句和定语从句的区别在于: 同位语从句由连接副词只起连接作用,没有指代作用; 定语从句由关系副词引导,关系副词具有指代先行词的作用,常用一个介词加关系代词替换.例如:I will never forget the day when we first met. (定语从句, when为连接词) That is the special day (which/that) I will never forget. (定语从句,which/that为关系副词) This is the house where we lived fifteen years ago. (定语从句, where为连接词) This is the house which we sold fifteen years ago. (定语从句,where为关系副词)