壮语从句i(语法)
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什么是壮语从句
解题思路: 状语从句
解题过程:
一、什么是状语从句?
用一个句子(从句)来作另一个句子(主句)的状语,用作状语的句子就叫作状语从句。作什么样的状语就叫什么类型的状语从句。例如:条件状语从句就是用一个句子来作条件状语。
二、状语从句的分类。
(1)时间状语从句用法要点
凡是从句都必须有引导词,引导时间状语从句的词有when,before,after,until,as soon as,while 等,具体用法如下:
1. when 意为“当……时”,引导时间状语从句,表示主句的动作和从句的动作同时或先后发生。例如:
I feel very happy when you come to see me. 你(们)来看我时,我感到很高兴。
When you are crossing the street,you must be careful. 你(们)过街道时,一定要小心。
when引导的时间状语从句,when的从句可以用延续性动词,也可以用点动词。eg.
He was working at the table when I went in. 当我进去的时候,他正在桌旁工作。
Someone knocked at the door when I was sleeping. 当我正在睡觉时,有人敲门。
I will visit my good friend when I have time. 当我有空儿时,我将去看望我的好友。
I worked for a foreign company when I was in Shanghai. 当我在上海时,我为一家外国企业工作。
注:when也可以作并列连词,表示一个动词正在进行的时候,突然间发生了另外一件事。eg.
I was fishing by the river,when someone called for help.
我正在河边钓鱼,就在那时有人求救。
We were working in the chemistry lab,when the lights went out.
我们正在化学实验室工作,突然灯都熄灭了。
2. before 意为“在……之前”,引导时间状语从句时,表示主句的动作发生在从句的动作之前。例如:
We cleaned the classroom before we left school yesterday.昨天离开学校之前,我们打扫了教室。
He had been a cook before he went to college . 他上大学前曾当过厨师。
after 意为“在……之后”,引导时间状语从句时,表示主句的动作发生在从句的动作之后。例如:
After you use plastic bags,you mustn't throw them about. 你(们)用过了塑料袋之后,不准到处乱扔。
He called me after he had finished his work. 他在工作完之后给我打了个电话。
注:若主句和从句两个动作发生的先后顺序十分接近,那么也可以不用完成时态,例如上面的第二句可改成:He called me after he finished his work.
3. since引导的时间状语从句,译为“自从……”,主句常用现在完成时,从句常用一般过去时。eg.
We have made many dumplings since we began to cook. 自从我们开始做饭起,我们已经包了许多饺子了。
We haven't seen each other since we parted . 我们自从分手以后一直没见过面。
注:常用句型:It is +时间段+since从句 译为:自从……有多长时间了。eg.
It is six years since she graduated from the university. 自从她大学毕业已有六年的时间了。
4. until 意为“直到……时”,引导时间状语从句时,表示主句的动作发生在从句的动作之前。
当主句的谓语动词是持续性动词时,主句常用肯定形式;当主句的谓语动词是非持续性动词时,从句常用否定形式,not…until… 意为“直到……才……”,这时的until可以用before 来替换。例如:
I'll stay here until you come back. 我会呆在这里,直到你回来。(stay表示的动作可以持续)
He didn't go to bed until he finished his homework.他直到做完作业才睡觉。(go to bed 表示的动作不能持续)
5. as soon as 意为“一……就……”,表示从句的动作一发生,主句的动作马上就发生。例如:
I'll tell him about it as soon as he comes back.他一回来我就告诉他这件事。
6. while引导的时间状语从句,常译为“与……同时,在……期间”,while的从句中常用延续性动词或表示状态的词。eg.
They rushed in while we were discussing problems. 当我们正在讨论问题时,他们冲了进来。
Father was cleaning the car while I was playing computer games. 当我正在打电子游戏时,爸爸正在清洗汽车。
注:while也可以作并列连词,表转折的关系,相当于but,译为“然而”。eg.I like listening to music,while my brother likes doing sports. 我喜欢听音乐,而我的兄弟爱好运动。
7. till和until引导的时间状语从句,译为“直到……为止”,not … till / until引导的时间状语从句,译为“直到……才”。前者强调主句动作的结束,用延续性动词,后者强调主句动作的开始,用点动词。eg.
I will wait for my friend until / till he comes. 我要一直等到我朋友来。
We won't start our discussion until / till he comes.
我们要等到他来了,再开始我们的讨论。
(2)条件状语从句用法要点
我们主要看一下由if引导的条件状语从句。if 意为“如果”,引导条件状语从句时,表示假如有从句的动作发生就(不)会有主句的动作发生。例如:
If it doesn't rain tomorrow,we will go there by bike.如果明天不下雨,我们就骑自行车去那里。
If I get there early,I can see the doctor quickly.如果我早早地到那里,我就可以快点看病。
(3)地点状语从句用法要点
常用where(哪里)和wherever(无论哪里)eg.
Where there is a will,there is a way. 有志者,事竟成。
We will go wherever the motherland need us most. 我们要到祖国最需要的地方去。
(4)原因状语从句用法要点
常用的引导连词有because,as和since,三者的区别是:在回答问题的时候,使用because;对于显而易见的原因,常用as或since;as和since的从句常放在主句之前,而because的从句常放在主句之后。eg.
Why did you go? I went because Tom told me to go. 你为何去?那是因为汤姆叫我去。
He was angry not because we were late but because we made a noise.
他很生气不是因为我们来迟了,而是因为我们弄出了声音。
As it was raining hard,we had to be indoors. 由于雨太大,我们只好呆在家里。
Since you feel ill,you'd better not go to work. 既然你感觉不舒服,你最好不要去上班了。
(5)目的状语从句用法要点
常用的引导连词有so that,that和in order that译为:以便,为了,目的是。eg.
Please speak more slowly so that we can make full notes. 请讲慢一点,以便我们能作详细笔记。
I shall write down your address that I may not forget. 我要把你的地址记下来,以免忘记。
I sent the letter by air mail in order that it might reach him in time. 这封信我以航空信发出,以便他能及时收到。
注:目的状语从句可以用动词不定式来替换做目的状语。eg.
We work harder than usual finish it in a week. 我们比平常加倍努力工作以在一周内完成工作。
最终答案:略
解题过程:
一、什么是状语从句?
用一个句子(从句)来作另一个句子(主句)的状语,用作状语的句子就叫作状语从句。作什么样的状语就叫什么类型的状语从句。例如:条件状语从句就是用一个句子来作条件状语。
二、状语从句的分类。
(1)时间状语从句用法要点
凡是从句都必须有引导词,引导时间状语从句的词有when,before,after,until,as soon as,while 等,具体用法如下:
1. when 意为“当……时”,引导时间状语从句,表示主句的动作和从句的动作同时或先后发生。例如:
I feel very happy when you come to see me. 你(们)来看我时,我感到很高兴。
When you are crossing the street,you must be careful. 你(们)过街道时,一定要小心。
when引导的时间状语从句,when的从句可以用延续性动词,也可以用点动词。eg.
He was working at the table when I went in. 当我进去的时候,他正在桌旁工作。
Someone knocked at the door when I was sleeping. 当我正在睡觉时,有人敲门。
I will visit my good friend when I have time. 当我有空儿时,我将去看望我的好友。
I worked for a foreign company when I was in Shanghai. 当我在上海时,我为一家外国企业工作。
注:when也可以作并列连词,表示一个动词正在进行的时候,突然间发生了另外一件事。eg.
I was fishing by the river,when someone called for help.
我正在河边钓鱼,就在那时有人求救。
We were working in the chemistry lab,when the lights went out.
我们正在化学实验室工作,突然灯都熄灭了。
2. before 意为“在……之前”,引导时间状语从句时,表示主句的动作发生在从句的动作之前。例如:
We cleaned the classroom before we left school yesterday.昨天离开学校之前,我们打扫了教室。
He had been a cook before he went to college . 他上大学前曾当过厨师。
after 意为“在……之后”,引导时间状语从句时,表示主句的动作发生在从句的动作之后。例如:
After you use plastic bags,you mustn't throw them about. 你(们)用过了塑料袋之后,不准到处乱扔。
He called me after he had finished his work. 他在工作完之后给我打了个电话。
注:若主句和从句两个动作发生的先后顺序十分接近,那么也可以不用完成时态,例如上面的第二句可改成:He called me after he finished his work.
3. since引导的时间状语从句,译为“自从……”,主句常用现在完成时,从句常用一般过去时。eg.
We have made many dumplings since we began to cook. 自从我们开始做饭起,我们已经包了许多饺子了。
We haven't seen each other since we parted . 我们自从分手以后一直没见过面。
注:常用句型:It is +时间段+since从句 译为:自从……有多长时间了。eg.
It is six years since she graduated from the university. 自从她大学毕业已有六年的时间了。
4. until 意为“直到……时”,引导时间状语从句时,表示主句的动作发生在从句的动作之前。
当主句的谓语动词是持续性动词时,主句常用肯定形式;当主句的谓语动词是非持续性动词时,从句常用否定形式,not…until… 意为“直到……才……”,这时的until可以用before 来替换。例如:
I'll stay here until you come back. 我会呆在这里,直到你回来。(stay表示的动作可以持续)
He didn't go to bed until he finished his homework.他直到做完作业才睡觉。(go to bed 表示的动作不能持续)
5. as soon as 意为“一……就……”,表示从句的动作一发生,主句的动作马上就发生。例如:
I'll tell him about it as soon as he comes back.他一回来我就告诉他这件事。
6. while引导的时间状语从句,常译为“与……同时,在……期间”,while的从句中常用延续性动词或表示状态的词。eg.
They rushed in while we were discussing problems. 当我们正在讨论问题时,他们冲了进来。
Father was cleaning the car while I was playing computer games. 当我正在打电子游戏时,爸爸正在清洗汽车。
注:while也可以作并列连词,表转折的关系,相当于but,译为“然而”。eg.I like listening to music,while my brother likes doing sports. 我喜欢听音乐,而我的兄弟爱好运动。
7. till和until引导的时间状语从句,译为“直到……为止”,not … till / until引导的时间状语从句,译为“直到……才”。前者强调主句动作的结束,用延续性动词,后者强调主句动作的开始,用点动词。eg.
I will wait for my friend until / till he comes. 我要一直等到我朋友来。
We won't start our discussion until / till he comes.
我们要等到他来了,再开始我们的讨论。
(2)条件状语从句用法要点
我们主要看一下由if引导的条件状语从句。if 意为“如果”,引导条件状语从句时,表示假如有从句的动作发生就(不)会有主句的动作发生。例如:
If it doesn't rain tomorrow,we will go there by bike.如果明天不下雨,我们就骑自行车去那里。
If I get there early,I can see the doctor quickly.如果我早早地到那里,我就可以快点看病。
(3)地点状语从句用法要点
常用where(哪里)和wherever(无论哪里)eg.
Where there is a will,there is a way. 有志者,事竟成。
We will go wherever the motherland need us most. 我们要到祖国最需要的地方去。
(4)原因状语从句用法要点
常用的引导连词有because,as和since,三者的区别是:在回答问题的时候,使用because;对于显而易见的原因,常用as或since;as和since的从句常放在主句之前,而because的从句常放在主句之后。eg.
Why did you go? I went because Tom told me to go. 你为何去?那是因为汤姆叫我去。
He was angry not because we were late but because we made a noise.
他很生气不是因为我们来迟了,而是因为我们弄出了声音。
As it was raining hard,we had to be indoors. 由于雨太大,我们只好呆在家里。
Since you feel ill,you'd better not go to work. 既然你感觉不舒服,你最好不要去上班了。
(5)目的状语从句用法要点
常用的引导连词有so that,that和in order that译为:以便,为了,目的是。eg.
Please speak more slowly so that we can make full notes. 请讲慢一点,以便我们能作详细笔记。
I shall write down your address that I may not forget. 我要把你的地址记下来,以免忘记。
I sent the letter by air mail in order that it might reach him in time. 这封信我以航空信发出,以便他能及时收到。
注:目的状语从句可以用动词不定式来替换做目的状语。eg.
We work harder than usual finish it in a week. 我们比平常加倍努力工作以在一周内完成工作。
最终答案:略
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